I enjoy Christmas lights, whether they're multicolored or simple white stars, especially when used creatively in outdoor spaces like courtyards or patios. However, I’ve learned not to wrap lights tightly around tree trunks or branches, as this can damage the bark. Last summer, at a Southern botanical garden, I saw circumferential bark scars on a crape myrtle, where holiday lights had been left on too long. You don’t want to have this happen to your landscape trees.

You have two main options: hang lights using hooks or removable adhesive on non-organic fixtures like the ceiling or walls, or, if you choose to wrap them around a tree trunk, ensure you remove them within two to three weeks.

Once bark scars form from trauma, they cannot be fixed; such damage can result in branches becoming weaker and more vulnerable to pests and wind, and scarring may remain visible for decades. When hanging a basket or heavy plant such as a staghorn fern (which can grow to 100–300 pounds), regularly move the chain to prevent it from gouging the branch. Rest chains or hangers on a flat wood board or sturdy plastic for support.

I love using Christmas lights and starry sky lights throughout the year but if you would like to use them, help keep your tree healthy by removing them once the holiday season is over or readjust the placement every few months, especially during the growing season. Happy tree, Happy Holidays!

What to Do In Your Backyard in December

Average temperatures: High 73   Low 53 

Rainfall 2.31 inches

Winter arrives December 21st.

Central Florida typically sees its first frost on December 18th, but in 2025 it occurred unusually early this year on November 11th, breaking century-old records in Florida cities down to Miami.

What to plant

Flowers:  Alyssum, baby's breath, bacopa, begonia, bush daisy, calendula, California poppy, candytuft, carnation, chrysanthemums, delphinium, dianthus, dusty miller, foxglove, geranium, godetia, hollyhock, Iceland poppy, licorice plant, lobelia, million bells, ornamental cabbage & kale, pansy, petunia, salvia, Shasta daisy, snapdragon, statice, stock, sweet pea, verbena and viola.

 Vegetables: Beets, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, collards, horseradish, lettuce, mustard, onions, peas, radicchio, radishes, spinach, Swiss chard. and turnips.

 Herbs: Anise, arugula, basil, bay, chives, cilantro, coriander, dill, fennel, garlic, lavender, mint, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage, sweet marjoram, thyme and watercress.

 Bulbs: African iris, amaryllis, anemones, bulbine, crinum, day lily, paper white narcissus, ranunculus, society garlic, spider lilies, rain lilies; refrigerate for future planting - Dutch iris, tulips, daffodils and hyacinths.

 Lawn Care

  • La Niña conditions will bring warmer than normal temperatures and drier than normal. Irrigate 1x a week if there is no rainfall.

  • Fertilizer isn't needed; trace minerals may be sprayed or applied at the base of plants.

  • Brown or large patch affects St. Augustine and zoysia lawns; treat with fungicide.

  • Remove weeds from lawns and replace them with new sod or plugs.

  • Apply spot weed control to areas of weeds.

  • Mow every other week for most landscapes.

  • Mow the lawn at the usual height for an even appearance and weed control.

  • Lawn insects will not be curbed by freezes, so walk yards weekly for their presence before applying insecticide.

  • Zoysia lawns generally turn brown when subjected to frost. There is no required action needed.

  • Ryegrass seed can be sown.

  • Rake fallen leaves from lawns and add to the compost pile.

 Landscape Chores

  • Plant northern Spring annuals such as alyssum, delphinium, foxgloves, hollyhocks, lobelia, pansies, snapdragons, stock, sweet pea, and violas.

  • Space flowers and shrubs at half their mature width; for example, plant 4' wide shrubs every 2 feet.

  • Consider flower color combinations with the help of a color wheel.

  • Rotate flower locations yearly to minimize pests.

  • Add organic matter to older beds and sandy soils to boost plant growth.

  • Add holiday poinsettias to the landscape in their pots to easily remove during extreme cold.

  • Fertilize annual flowers monthly or use a slow-release fertilizer as labeled.

  • Give your container plants a boost during winter by using slow-release fertilizer.

  • Winter is a stress-free time to add hardy trees, shrubs and ground covers to the landscape. Water in well when planting.

  • Select trees and shrubs for the sunlight, soil moisture, and pH conditions in your yard.

  • Pruning time is over for most plants; out of bounds shoots can be removed as needed.

  • Feeding time is over for all trees, shrubs and vines.

  • Have frost blankets ready to put on tender tropicals.

  • Following a freeze, allow several days for the soil to dry before watering the bed again.

  • Established trees and shrubs can often go several weeks without irrigation.

  • Cold weather turns sensitive foliage yellow; bring plants inside.

  • Renew mulch layers to conserve water, control weeds and provide cold protection.

  • Still have time to plant wildflower seeds for spring and summer blooms.

  • Transplant trees and shrubs in cooler weather; wait until spring for palms.

  • Check and adjust supports holding trees and palms in an upright position as needed.

  • Add additional soil to container gardens until it reaches the top of the container.

  • Add used container soil to compost.

  • Add wood chips from tree removal to compost piles or use them as a light mulch.

  • Turn compost monthly to accelerate decomposition.

  • Divide and replant perennials.

  • Don't forget about your feathered friends — enhance your yard and provide resources with a bird feeder and a bird bath.

  • Participate in the Audubon Christmas Bird Count will be from December 14th through January 5th, 2026.

  • Perform maintenance and repainting of birdhouses, outdoor furniture, and fencing.

  • Be prepared to shield cold-sensitive plants from unexpected frosts or freezes.

 Fruit and Vegetable Gardening

  • Late summer and fall rains caused early decline of many crops; (ask Lizzie!) remove and replant with cool season vegetables.

  • Planting new crops every few weeks ensures a steady harvest.

  • It is too late for new tomatoes, peppers & eggplants, replant in March.

  • Keep planting herbs, either directly in the soil or in containers; these plants thrive in cool weather.

  • Harvest herbs often to promote new growth; store or give away surplus.

  • Caterpillars and mites have been heavy feeders; control with natural sprays.

  • Start seeds of the cool season crops as needed to have transplants available.

  • Trellis vining crops to maximize garden space.

  • Gardeners with limited space can grow their favorite vegetables in large containers.

  • Use clean containers to reduce pests and encourage growth. 

  • Fertilize vegetable gardens every 3–4 weeks with composted manure or general fertilizer.

  • Feed container plantings every other week or use a slow-release fertilizer as labeled.

  • Stop feeding fruiting trees, shrubs, and vines; resume in March.

  • During cooler weather conditions, plantings require reduced irrigation. Water should be applied when the surface soil exhibits signs of dryness.

  • Consider introducing new cold-tolerant fruits to your landscape and postpone planting tropical fruits until spring.

  • Postpone pruning of deciduous fruit trees until next month and citrus trees until mid-February.

  • Even if peach trees begin to flower early, there's no need to be concerned; they still have numerous buds to ensure a typical fruit set.

  • Keep covers and frost blankets available to shield cold-sensitive crops from frost or freeze.

 Foliage & house plant care

  • Purchase your poinsettias early to ensure an extended period of vibrant color throughout the season.

  • Place holiday plants in a cool, well-lit area that is not near air vents.

  • It's common for newly acquired Christmas cacti to lose their buds, but they'll blossom more fully the following year.

  • Christmas and holiday cacti may rot if they are watered too frequently; allow the soil surface to dry out before watering again.

  • Begin growing paper white narcissus and amaryllis bulbs now to enjoy winter flowers or to give as gifts.

  • Replace dying plants with fresh ones.

  • Relocate plants that are sensitive to cold into a warmer area.

  • Remove yellow leaves from plants affected by cold and give a warm location.

  • Monitor water needs often and moisten soil when the surface dries.

  • Wash foliage with a mild soap solution to remove dust and control pests.

Leaves Are Falling - But Winter Is Calling!

Fall Color in Orlando, FL

Fall weather arrives in Florida next week, bringing record low temperatures statewide that could impact tropical plants, fruits, and vegetables. Winter doesn’t arrive across the country till December 21st, and Florida doesn’t usually see freezing temperatures until January, sometimes December. Thirty degree temperature drops this early are rare for our winter season but I’m going to enjoy them.

Cold fronts often bring rain a few days before they arrive; if not, water your landscape on Monday. There's no need to irrigate overnight for warmth, as it won't stay cold long enough to help plants.

Make sure to wrap your most vulnerable tropical shrubs and trees. Frost blankets keep tropical plants 3 to 5 degrees warmer and let sunlight and water in, so daily removal isn't needed. Unlike sheets or boxes, which must be placed and removed each day, frost blankets save time and effort. They are easy to store and last up to three years.

Temperature predictions for North Florida.

Another surprise, although not unexpected is that there is a chance for a tropical storm “Nestor” to develop in the Caribbean.  Hopefully not, but hurricane season ends November 30th. Stay alert and prepared.

Take a look at “What to Do In Your Backyard” for November advice on caring for your indoor plants and outdoor gardens. Autumn is an ideal time to start growing herbs—cooler weather won't damage most varieties, and these tasty plants can make your homemade soups and stews even better. 

Each November in preparation for Thanksgiving, one of my kitchen must-dos is that I go through my spice cabinet and any spices that are a year old are emptied in my compost pile.  Even with cool temperatures, make sure to turn your compost pile every few weeks to keep the decomposition active.  Keep an eye on what you add to your compost to maintain a 2 parts green, 1 part brown balance.  Green materials include grass clippings, pruned plant debris, raw vegetable peelings, tea or coffee grounds, fruit cores and peels. Brown materials include dried autumn leaves, wood chips, peanuts and nut shells, and clean paper products. Egg shells are neither green nor brown but mineral and add calcium to your compost.

My Plant of the Month is a compact shrub or perennial that produces bright orange-red blooms in winter and thrives in tropical shade. This spicy delight should be added to more Florida landscapes.

Lizzie, the dedicated Camp Counselor and caretaker at Camp Turkey, has prepared Team Turkey for winter. Whether the turkeys value her efforts remains uncertain. See what she's accomplished!

An interesting renovation delivered a surprise last month. It is a first for my Landscaping Malpractice experiences and they were kind enough to allow me to use their project as a learning lesson of what not to do in your landscape.

I have added my top Landscape Design Tips for choosing hardy, year-round palms in Florida—there’s a suitable palm for your yard, whether you’re in Zone 8 or Zone 11.

Mount Vernon, home of our 1st President George Washington.

Art in Bloom Garden Tours has thrilling trips planned for 2026, perfect for any gardening fan, including a unique event during America’s Semiquincentennial. Additionally, the company now offers a $200 referral credit to anyone who refers a new guest who books a regularly priced tour for 2026. Contact Art in Bloom Garden Tours for all the details.

Thanksgiving is a great time to publicly acknowledge all our blessings throughout the year.  I am so grateful for all the support, listeners, and opportunities to spend time with you, whether in person or by email or on the radio. Thank you very much and I hope you have a wonderful holiday season.

Photograph credit: Flickr

ALERT - Freeze predicted Tuesday Nov 11th and 12th in Florida Zones 8 - 9. Protect your tropical plants next week!

Dreaming of relaxing under a palm on a sunny January day is one of the main reasons retirees move to Florida. Florida's mild winters attract new residents who want to plant those palm trees in their yards. Florida’s gardening zones span 8b to 12, covering both tropical and subtropical climates. Subtropical areas can experience freezes that harm tropical plants, and despite USDA zone updates, Florida will continue to have occasional freezes.  The general demarcation of Florida’s subtropical regions starts on the northern side of Lake Okeechobee (Zone 10) up through North Florida (Zones 8b). Zones 11 and 12 below Lake Okeechobee is considered tropical with rare chances of a freeze.

These are the palm tree species I suggest for surviving freezing temperatures in subtropical landscapes. I’ve included the lowest temperature for each palm species.

Bismarck Palm, Bismarckia nobilis 25°F

Mexican Blue Palm, Brahea armata 25°F

California Fan Palm, Washingtonia filifera 15°F -20°F

Chinese Fan Palm, Livistona chinensis 20°F – 25°F

Dwarf Palmetto, Sabal minor 0°F             

European Fan Palm, Chamaerops humilis 15º – 20°F

Lady Palm, Rhapis excelsa 15º - 20°F               

Mexican Fan Palm, Washingtonia robusta 15ºF – 20°F

Mazari Palm, Nannorrhops ritchiana 10°F

Needle Palm, Rhapidophyllum hystrix 5°F – 10° F

Paurotis Palm, Acoelorrhaphe wrightii 20°F – 25°F

Pindo Palm, Butia capitata 5°F – 10°F

Saw palmetto, Serenoa repens 0ºF – 5°F                  

Sago Palm, Cycas revoluta 10°F – 15°F                     

Windmill Palm, Trachycarpus fortunei 5ºF – 10ºF

Palms prone to diseases like Lethal Bronzing, Yellowing, or Fusarium Wilt are not on this cold-hardy list. Check each species for size and site needs before buying. Only mature palms tolerate low temperatures; young palms need protection.

Gardening was a disaster after the summer of hell fire heat then the flash flood, so I will focus on our Turkey Brats.

As I retire the summer misting a/c fans, I proudly install 12 heaters throughout the different run areas to keep the turkey's cozy and found a new use for painters' drop cloth, moving blankets and tarp clips. But do the turkeys care? Absolutely not. They waddle straight to the coldest parts of the run areas like it’s a frosty spa retreat. We’ve tried pep talks, warm bedding, even turkey-sized earmuffs (don’t ask). Still, they snooze in the chill like rebellious toddlers. Maybe they’re just trying to toughen up for Thanksgiving negotiations.

Updates through “Lizzie Said What” socials. 

Remember, life can be a joyful journey. Enjoying all moments is up to YOU!

Landscape consultations always provide opportunities to uncover deep dark secrets. Last month, I visited front yard shaded by mature scrub oaks that had been growing naturally for over 30 years, spaced about 10 to 15 feet apart. The problem was that over the decades, hundreds if not a few thousand, oak tree saplings had emerged to cover the entire ground under the trees, up through the azalea’s roots, and in the mondo grass lining the sloped embankment.  Managing this overwhelming growth had become a true maintenance headache. 

After consultations with professional arborists, one suggested solution was root collar excavation, which was extremely expensive but would not get rid of the saplings or the mulch mountain that had raised the bed up 2 feet above the front door sidewalk.

We decided on manually removing the mulch and seedlings, an arduous job for the crew. After three days, 9,000 lbs. of debris was removed and hauled away. Stripping nearly 30 years of fallen oak leaves and mulch brought the bed level with the sidewalk and revealed two layers of landscape fabric laid years apart!  The landscape fabric was laid over a foot higher than the previous landscape material. 

Landscape fabric should never be used in garden beds to prevent weeds (never mind two layers). It doesn’t prevent weeds — they will still grow on, in, and through the supposed barrier and makes an even bigger maintenance nightmare when the fabric must be removed.

The bed was left with the existing oak leaves, and the front yard looks cleaner and much healthier now for the oak trees.  Soil and plants need to breathe. Landscape fabric should only be used under pathways made of mulch or gravel. This will keep the pebbles in Florida’s sandy soil from making their way to China.

Thank you to the best landscape crew - Otis’ Outdoors of Central Florida.

This perennial shrub produces striking orange-red blooms in autumn, enhancing the visual appeal of any shaded garden. It requires consistently moist soil and should be provided with adequate air circulation to prevent fungus. Although it is suitable for growth in Zone 8, it may experience freezing; however, recovery is generally expected.

Bolivian Sunsets can be found in local nurseries and online. 

Photo credit: Costa Farms

What to Do In Your Backyard in November

 Average temperature: High 79 Low 59 

 Rainfall: 2.32 inches

 November Plantings

Vegetables: Beet, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, celery, Chinese cabbage, collard, endive, kale, kohlrabi, lettuce, mustard, onion, pea, radicchio, radish, rhubarb, rutabaga, spinach, Swiss chard and turnip.

Flowers: Ageratum, alyssum, baby's breath, black-eyed Susan, bush daisy, calendula, California poppy, candy tuff, carnation, cat's whiskers, chrysanthemum, cleome, cornflower, delphinium, dianthus, Drift roses, dusty miller, foxglove, gaillardia, geranium, goldenrod, heliotrope, hollyhocks, Iceland poppy, impatiens, larkspur, lobelia, ornamental cabbage & kale, pansy, petunia, phlox, salvia, Shasta daisy, snapdragon, stock, sweet pea, verbena, viola and wax begonias.

Herbs: anise, arugula, basil, borage, chive, cardamon, chervil, cilantro, coriander, dill, fennel, garlic, ginger, lavender, lemon balm, lovage, Mexican tarragon, mint, nasturtium, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage, sweet marjoram, thyme and watercress.

Bulbs: African iris, amaryllis, anemone, bulbine, crinum, day lily, rain lily, ranunculus, society garlic, spider lily and narcissus; refrigerate Dutch iris, tulips, daffodils, hyacinths and similar bulbs needing a cold treatment before flowering.

 Lawn Care

  •  Fall is a good time to sod or plug problem areas in lawns; delay Bahia seeding until spring.

  • Sow winter ryegrass seed at end of November.

  • Complete fall feedings with a low phosphorus fertilizer during early November.

  • Lawns can dry quickly during the warmer days of November; water as permitted.

  • Set irrigation times to once a week when Daylight Savings Time on Nov 2nd.

  • Water lawns separately from trees and shrubs that need less moisture.

  • Repair and adjust sprinklers to water efficiently

  • Chinch bug and caterpillar control may still be needed during warm fall weather.

  • Have lawn soil tested by the University of Florida lab before fertilizing.

  • Brown patch disease can be severe in zoysia; treat this month or when first noted.

  • Apply herbicides for your lawn type if needed for broadleaf and sedge weed control.

  • Continue mowing at normal heights.

  • Aerate hard to wet, compacted and nematode infected soils.

  • Remove and compost fallen leaves.

  • Fill in shady problem spots with ornamental ground covers.

Vegetable & Fruit Tree Care

  •  Fall rains and heat have damaged many plants; continue good care to obtain a harvest.

  • Remove declining crops and plant the cool season vegetables

  • Herbs like cooler weather; begin new plantings and revive older ones.

  • Start seeds of broccoli, cauliflower, collards, onions and produce transplants.

  • Cool season vegetables can be added to the garden until February.

  • Add a few vegetable plants to the garden each month to have a continual supply.

  • Tomato and pepper planting time is over until spring.

  • The dry season is here; water when the surface soil begins to dry to the touch.

  • Improve sandy soils with garden soil, compost, peat moss and composted manure.

  • Feed the garden every 3 to 4 weeks with composted manure or a general garden fertilizer.

  • Stake or trellis taller growing crops to prevent wind damage and pests.

  • Maintain 3” of mulch between plants and rows to conserve water and control weeds.

  • Caterpillars have been feeding in the garden; hand pick or use natural controls.

  • Build raised beds to better contain plantings and make their care easier.

  • Give bananas and pineapples a final fall feeding with a general garden fertilizer.

  • Many early citrus are ready to harvest; use the taste test to tell when they are ripe.

  • Feeding time for citrus and other fruit trees is over.

  • Water citrus trees once or twice each week during dry times.

  • Add new citrus or other fruiting trees to the landscape.

  • Sow papaya seeds to over winter in containers.

  • Delay all fruit tree pruning until late January or February.

 Landscape Chores

  •  Renew mulches to help conserve water during the drier months ahead.

  • Most shrub pruning should be completed this month to allow new growth to mature before winter.

  • Only remove declining fronds and flower or fruiting stalks from palms to maintain vigor.

  • Palm diseases may be spread by pruners; disinfect at least between palms. 

  • Remove declining warm season flowers and replace them with the cool season flowers.

  • Work organic matter into flower beds and replace soil in planters before planting.

  • Slow-release fertilizers are best way to feed flower beds and containers.

  • Extend chrysanthemum life; remove faded flowers, keep the soil moist and feed lightly.

  • Make sure poinsettias receive no nighttime light; keep the soil moist and feed monthly.

  • Established trees and shrubs need infrequent watering; moisten only during dry times.

  • Flower beds need watering when the surface soil begins to dry to the touch.

  • Scale insects have been heavy this year on shrubs and foliage plants; use Neem oil spray.

  • Leaf spots and die-back are normal on many trees and perennials as they prepare for winter.

  • Cooler months provide the ideal time to move small trees and shrubs in the landscape.

  • Check braces and supports added to new trees, palms and shrubs.

  • Hurricane season ends November 30; select small sturdy trees for new plantings

  • Remove limbs and weeds interfering with sprinklers.

  • Complete all tree, palm and shrub feedings by mid-month.                    

  • Collect and refrigerate favorite flower seeds in plastic bags and store them in the refrigerator.

  • Hurry to create wildflower plantings that won’t flower until spring.

  • Reduce feedings of orchids and bromeliads in the landscape as the weather cools.

  • Divide perennials and bulbs

  • Create compost piles to recycle yard waste.

  • Be prepared to cover or move cold sensitive plants to a warm location.

  • Fill hard to mow and problem areas with shrubs and ground covers.

  • Clean birdbaths and prepare feeders for winter.

  • Reduce feedings of water garden plantings

 House and Foliage Plant Care

  •  Plant chilled narcissus and amaryllis bulbs in containers to begin growth for holiday blooms.

  • Remember, prevent any nighttime light for holiday plants until they begin to bloom.

  • Water holiday cactus and kalanchoe when the soil dries to the touch; keep poinsettias moist.

  • Wash away dust and plant pests with a soapy water solution

  • Check and treat outdoor plants for insects before bringing them indoors.

  • Discontinue or reduce foliage plant feedings to every other month.

  • Begin bringing cold sensitive foliage plants indoors.

5. Bleeding Hearts: Clerodendrum thomsoniae is a vine from the mint family (Lamiaceae), though some sources like the USDA Plants Database list it under Verbenaceae. It grows in Central or South Florida with full sun to partial shade, producing red, heart-shaped flowers throughout the year, especially in milder weather.

4. Witches Hair — Cuscuta, or dodder, is a genus of over 201 parasitic plants, usually yellow, orange, or red. Once classified in Cuscutaceae, it is now part of the morning glory family.

3. Black Bat Plant – Tacca chantrieri. – Species of flowering plant in the yam family – National Flower of Thailand. It smells like a rotting corpse, self-pollinating. It can be planted in full shade outside or can be an indoor plant.

2. Snapdragon Skulls – After blooming, snapdragon seeds resemble human skulls. Historically, these plants were believed to protect against deceit, curses, and witchcraft, and some myths claimed they could restore youth and beauty to women who consumed them.

1. Ghost PipesMonotropa uniflora Ghost plant or Death plant, Indianpipe is a spectral herbaceous perennial wildflower, Grows throughout Florida naturally in mixed temperate hardwood forests and scrub, particularly where the ground is covered in leaf litter and lichens. It typically blooms in November. Its whitish color is due to it being non-photosynthetic and does not contain chlorophyll.